Introduction to Chinese Angelica Sinensis

Angelica root dang gui Morphological characteristics

Perennial herb. Stems purplish. Basal leaves and the lower part of the stem are ovate, 2-3 times triplicate or pinnatisect, the final lobes are ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-lobed, with white fine hairs on the veins and margins; petioles have large leaf sheaths; stems Upper leaves pinnately divided. Compound umbels; umbrella width 9-13; small involucral bracts 2-4; pedicels 12-36, densely pubescent; flowers white. Double-hanging fruit elliptic, with wings on the side edges. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from July to September. [1]

Born in the alpine and rainy mountainous area. Mainly produced in Gansu, Yunnan, Sichuan; multi-cultivation.

Main species

1. Donggui

From Umbelliferae Donggui, also known as Yamatogui, Japanese Angelica

Gui, Yanbian angelica. Angelica is used medicinally in some areas of the Northeast, and the Korean people in Jilin believe that its efficacy is similar to that of Angelica. Angelica sinensis is used medicinally in both Japan and Korea. Its root is shorter than that of Angelica sinensis, the surface is yellowish brown or tan, and the whole has fine longitudinal wrinkles and horizontally protruding lenticel-like scars. The main root is short with fine rings, 1.5-3 cm in diameter, with petiole and stem base scars on the top, many depressions in the center, and more than 10 or more branch roots. The texture is firm and brittle, the skin of the broken section is off-white, and the wood part is yellowish white or yellowish brown. The gas is fragrant, sweet and then slightly bitter.

2. Angelica

It is the root of Umbelliferae Angelica sinensis. Introduced from Bulgaria in 1957, this product is different from Angelica sinensis in terms of traits and pharmacological effects, and has adverse reactions that Angelica sinensis does not have, so it cannot be mixed with Angelica sinensis for medicinal purposes. The root of Angelica sinensis is conical, the head of the root is enlarged, and there are more than two root heads with horizontal ring patterns. The surface is gray-brown or gray-yellow, and the scars after the lateral roots are cut off can be seen. The texture is dry and oil-free, slightly tough and easy to break. The section is yellowish-white with cracks, and the xylem is yellowish-white with radial texture. The air is fragrant and turbid, and the taste is slightly sweet at first and then spicy and numb.

3. Yunnan wild angelica

The root of Angelica yunnanensis in Umbelliferae. Also known as soil angelica in Yunnan. Its effect is similar to angelica, and it is used medicinally in some areas of Yunnan. Its roots are conical, with few branches, and the surface is brown, reddish brown or dark brown. The top has stem scars or stem residues, and the roots have horizontal rings. The surface has longitudinal wrinkles and lenticel-like scars. The texture is hard, and the cross-section is yellow-white. It has an aroma similar to angelica, slightly sweet and then bitter.

4. Xing'an Baizhi

The root of Angelica dahurica Kexingan. Also known as the Northeast Dahuo. It has been introduced and misused as angelica in Hunan and Sichuan. The main root is short, with several branches, the surface is brownish yellow or brownish yellow, the texture is dry, and the taste is spicy and numb.

5. Violet Peucedanum

The root of Umbelliferae Violet Peaches, also known as Duck Foot Seven and Wild Angelica. Zihua Qianhu is actually genuine medicinal Qianhu. Its main root is irregularly conical, 3 to 6 cm long and 1.8 to 2 cm in diameter. The surface is brown, with longitudinal wrinkles, the top has leaf base scars, and the lower part has several branch roots, the branch roots are 6-9 cm long and 0.5-0.8 cm in diameter. There are longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticel-like scars on the surface. The quality is hard and easy to break, the skin of the broken surface is brown, the xylem is yellowish brown, and some sections are lighter in color. Aromatic but different from the aroma of angelica, the taste is slightly pungent.

6. Living alone

The root of Angelica Placiformis in the family Umbelliferae, which is also the root of genuine medicinal solitary. Its root is slightly cylindrical, with 2-3 or more lower branches. The root head is enlarged, conical, and multi-horizontal wrinkles. The surface is taupe or brown, with longitudinal wrinkles and transverse raised lenticels and fine root scars. The texture is hard but becomes soft when wet, the skin of the section is off-white with scattered brown dot-like oil chambers, the xylem is gray-yellow to yellow-brown, and the cambium ring is brown. Has a specific aroma, bitter and slightly numb tongue.

7. Big solitary life

The solitary root of Umbelliferae. In some areas of Jilin, it is also called soil angelica, wild angelica, fresh angelica. Zengdai Angelica medicinal. The head of the living root of Dadu is short and thick, with ring patterns on the surface, leaf base marks on the top, and several branch roots below. Longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticel-like scars can be seen on the surface, and some tan viscous resinous substances can be seen exuding. Crisp and easy to break, the skin of the section is off-white, and the wood is yellow-white. The air is fragrant, the taste is slightly sweet and then hard.

Due to the complexity of plant varieties called Angelica or Angelica sinensis from ancient times to the present, in addition to the above-mentioned confusing varieties, there are more than 20 species called Angelica sinensis in Umbelliferae, and Angelica sinensis in Araliaceae. Four or five. In addition, the roots of various plants belonging to Compositae, Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, etc. are also called soil angelica in some areas. Faced with such a complicated situation, we should start with mastering the color, smell and taste of genuine angelica.

distribution range

Distributed in Gansu, Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou and other places in China

Breeding and cultivation

During the planting process of angelica, water and fertilizer management must be strengthened in order to grow angelica (7) high-quality angelica.

First of all, it is not allowed to apply more nitrogen fertilizers at the seedling stage of Angelica sinensis, so as to prevent and control vigorous growth. In the middle and later stages, it should be combined with intertillage and weeding to apply manure. Spray "medicine root Daling" before angelica flowering, young fruit period, and fruit expansion period. It has been proved by practice that by spraying the medicinal material Gendaling, it can promote photosynthesis products on the leaves, improve the nutrient conversion rate and soil loosening ability, make the rhizomes expand rapidly, and greatly increase the content of effective substances.

In addition, in the early growth stage of angelica, except for proper watering during drought, water should generally be controlled. If there is too much rain, it is necessary to drain the ditch in time, especially in the late growth period. Water should not accumulate in the field, otherwise it will easily cause root rot. In order to enhance the resistance of Angelica sinensis against the adverse external environment, spraying plant protection agent Xin Gaoli film can resist drought, prevent waterlogging, disinfect and prevent diseases, effectively prevent water transpiration, improve light and utilization efficiency, and strengthen seedlings and fruits. effect.